Proteinuria is the presence of abnormal amounts of protein in the urine, which can be an indicator of underlying kidney problems. Normally, urine contains only small traces of protein, but elevated levels can signal issues such as kidney disease, hypertension, or diabetes. The condition can be detected through a urine test, often showing increased protein levels as a result of damaged or inflamed kidneys that fail to filter proteins effectively. Proteinuria can be transient and caused by factors like stress or exercise, or it can be persistent, indicating chronic conditions such as glomerulonephritis or nephrotic syndrome. Diagnosing the cause of proteinuria typically involves additional tests such as urine tests, blood tests, and imaging studies to assess kidney function and structure. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include managing the primary condition, dietary changes, and medications to reduce protein levels and prevent further kidney damage. Regular monitoring is crucial to ensure effective management and to prevent progression to more severe kidney issues.